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Mechanical performance of yew (Taxus baccata L.) from a longbow perspective

机译：从长弓角度看的紫杉（Taxus baccata L.）的机械性能

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Yew (Taxus baccata L.) longbow was the preferred weapon in the Middle Ages until the emergence of guns. In this study, the tensile, compression, and bending properties of yew were investigated. The advantage of yew over the other species in the study was also confirmed by a simple beam model. The superior toughness of yew has the effect that a yew longbow has a higher range compared with bows made from other species. Unexpectedly, the mechanical performance of a bow made from yew is influenced by the juvenile-to-mature wood ratio rather than by the heartwood-to-sapwood ratio. A yew bow is predicted to have maximized performance at a juvenile wood content of 30-50%, and located at the concave side (the compressive side facing the bowyer). Here, the stiffness and yield stress in compression should be as high as possible
机译：紫杉（Taxus baccata L.）长弓是中世纪首选的武器，直到出现了枪支。在这项研究中，对紫杉的拉伸，压缩和弯曲性能进行了研究。通过简单的光束模型也证实了紫杉相对于其他物种的优势。紫杉的高韧性使紫杉长弓的射程比其他物种的弓高。出乎意料的是，由紫杉制成的弓的机械性能受少年与成熟木材比率的影响，而不是受心材与边材比率的影响。紫杉弓预计在幼木含量为30-50％的情况下具有最佳性能，并且位于凹面（面向凉亭的压缩面）。此处，压缩时的刚度和屈服应力应尽可能高

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